@article{ref1,
title="Psychopathology and recidivism among violent offenders with a dual diagnosis. A comparison with other subgroups of violent offenders",
journal="Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie",
year="2012",
author="van Horn, J. E. and Eisenberg, M. J. and van Kuik, S. and van Kinderen, G. M.",
volume="54",
number="6",
pages="497-507",
abstract="<span class=&quot;subtitle&quot;>Summary</span> <span class=&quot;subtitle&quot;>background</span> Offenders with a dual diagnose (<span class=&quot;abbreviation&quot;>dd</span>) are more likely than other offenders to repeat delinquent behavior. <span class=&quot;subtitle&quot;>aim</span> To investigate whether male violent offenders with substance-related disorders and co-occurring disorders differed from other subgroups of violent offenders in terms of substance disorders, psychopathology, and recidivism. We expected to find that persons with a dual diagnosis would more often be diagnosed with an anxiety or mood disorder and antisocial personality disorder. We also expected that they could have the highest recidivism rates. <span class=&quot;subtitle&quot;>method</span> Our sample consisted of 148 (domestic) violent offenders subdivided into offenders with a substance-related disorder and comorbid disorders (dual diagnosis group; n = 50), offenders without an axis I or axis II disorder (n = 28), offenders with a substance-related disorder (n = 23), and offenders with one or several comorbid axis I disorders (excluding substance related disorders) and/or axis II disorders (n = 47). <span class=&quot;subtitle&quot;>results</span> Survival analyses showed – with an average follow-up period of 79,6 months – significantly higher general (60%) and violent (44,9%) recidivism rates in the <span class=&quot;abbreviation&quot;>dd</span>-group than in the other subgroups in which the rates were lower than 40% for both general and violent recidivism. Results of Cox regression analyses indicated that merely belonging to the <span class=&quot;abbreviation&quot;>dd</span>-group increased the risk of violent recidivism by a factor of 5.21. <span class=&quot;abbreviation subtitle&quot;>conclusions </span>The <span class=&quot;abbreviation&quot;>dd</span>-delinquents under study did not differ fundamentally from other subgroups of (domestic) violent offenders as far as substance-related disorders and psychopathology were concerned. However, they did engage more often in recidivism, committing general or violent offences.<p /> <p>Language: nl</p>",
language="nl",
issn="0303-7339",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}