@article{ref1,
title="The effects of a natural disaster on child behavior: evidence for posttraumatic stress",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="1993",
author="Stein, Z. A. and Zaman, S. S. and Davidson, Leslie L. and Khan, N. and Durkin, Maureen S.",
volume="83",
number="11",
pages="1549-1553",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: A prospective study of children examined both before and after a flood disaster in Bangladesh is used to test the hypothesis that stressful events play a causal role in the development of behavioral disorders in children. METHODS: Six months before the disaster, structured measures of selected behavioral problems were made during an epidemiological study of disability among 2- to 9-year-old children. Five months after the disaster, a representative sample of 162 surviving children was reevaluated. RESULTS: Between the pre- and postflood assessments, the prevalence of aggressive behavior increased from zero to nearly 10%, and 45 of the 134 children who had bladder control before the flood (34%) developed enuresis. CONCLUSIONS: These results help define what may be considered symptoms of posttraumatic distress in childhood; they also contribute to mounting evidence of the need to develop and evaluate interventions aimed at ameliorating the behavioral and psychological consequences of children's exposure to extreme and traumatic situations.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}