@article{ref1,
title="Female self-injury and suicide attempts: Culturally reinforced techniques in human relations",
journal="Sex roles",
year="1980",
author="Heshusius, Lous",
volume="6",
number="6",
pages="843-857",
abstract="There is a consistent and significant higher ratio of females who engage in self-injury or who attempt suicide as compared to males, or as compared to suicidal commits by both sexes. This paper focuses on the problem of female excess in self-injury and suicide attempts. Biological/psychological variables which have been linked to these female self-destructive behaviors are enumerated and an alternative sociocultural explanation is suggested. Sex-role expectations are shown to be essential in explaining female self-injury and suicide attempts. The notion that these female self-destructive behaviors offer self-preservation is criticized, as is the failure in the literature to investigate what female self-injury and suicidal attempts actually do accomplish. Direction for solutions is mentioned in terms of research findings on self-actualization and on androgynous persons.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0360-0025",
doi="10.1007/BF00287239",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00287239"
}