@article{ref1,
title="Coeliac disease and the risk of fractures - a general population-based cohort study",
journal="Alimentary pharmacology and therapeutics",
year="2007",
author="Ludvigsson, J. F. and Michaelsson, K. and Ekbom, A. and Montgomery, S. M.",
volume="25",
number="3",
pages="273-285",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have suggested that untreated coeliac disease may be associated with osteoporosis, but results are contradictory for the risk of long-term fractures. AIM: To study the association between coeliac disease and fractures. METHODS: We used Cox regresson to examine the future risk of hip fracture and fracture of any type in more than 13 000 individuals with coeliac disease and 65 000 age- and sex-matched reference individuals in a general population-based cohort. RESULTS: During follow-up, 1365 first hip fractures and 4847 fractures of any type occurred. Coeliac disease was positively associated with subsequent hip fracture (hazard ratio = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.8-2.4) (in children: hazard ratio = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.1-6.2) and fractures of any type (hazard ratio = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.3-1.5) (in children: hazard ratio = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.0-1.2). The absolute excess risk of hip fractures in children with coeliac disease was 4/100 000 person-years. Incidence ratios for hip fracture in individuals with CD were around two both prior to diagnosis of coeliac disease and afterwards; this risk increase remained 20 years after diagnosis of coeliac disease. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with coeliac disease, including children with coeliac disease, may be at increased risk of hip fracture and fracture of any type. Coeliac disease may be positively associated with long-term hip fracture risk.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0269-2813",
doi="10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03203.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03203.x"
}