@article{ref1,
title="A failed norms social marketing campaign",
journal="Journal of studies on alcohol",
year="2003",
author="Clapp, John D. and Lange, James Evan and Russell, Cristel and Shillington, Audrey and Voas, Robert B.",
volume="64",
number="3",
pages="409-414",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: In this article we test the efficacy of an intensive norms social marketing campaign to reduce heavy drinking among college students living in a residence hall. METHOD: We employed a pretest-posttest nonequivalent comparison group design. The study was conducted in two (experimental and comparison) comparable residence halls located in a large urban public university. We attempted a census at each hall, and pre- and postintervention data were collected in public areas of each residence hall. Relative sample sizes were approximately 60% in the experimental hall (both waves) and 38% in the comparison hall. RESULTS: The campaign successfully corrected students' misperceptions of drinking norms but had no effects, or counterintuitive effects, on drinking behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the popularity of this approach, universities would be prudent to proceed with care before adopting this approach wholesale.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0096-882X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}