@article{ref1,
title="Injury occurrence and mood states during a desert ultramarathon",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2012",
author="Graham, Scott M. and McKinley, Mairi and Chris, Connaboy C. and Westbury, Tony and Baker, Julien and Kilgore, Lon and Florida-James, Geraint",
volume="22",
number="6",
pages="462-466",
abstract="OBJECTIVE:: To describe injuries and illnesses presented and profile mood states and sleep patterns during a desert environment ultramarathon. DESIGN:: Prospective study gathering data on mood states and injury patterns. SETTING:: Gobi Desert, Mongolia. PARTICIPANTS:: Eleven male competitors (mean mass 83.7 ± 7.1 kg; body mass index 24 ± 1.79 kg/m, age: 33 ± 11 years). INTERVENTIONS:: Injuries were clinically assessed and recorded each day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Mood state was assessed using the Brunel Mood Scale. RESULTS:: All subjects presented with abrasion injuries, dehydration, and heat stress. Vigor decreased over the first 6 days while fatigue increased (P < 0.05). Fatigue and vigor recovered on the final morning. The observed recovery was set against increasing levels of depression, tension, and confusion, which peaked at days 5/6 but returned to day 1 levels on the 7th day morning (P < 0.05). Mean sleep duration (6:17 ± 00:48 hours:minutes; lowest on day 6, 4:43 ± 01:54 hours:minutes) did not vary significantly across the 7 days but did correlate with mood alterations (P < 0.05). Increased anger and fatigue correlated strongly with sleep disruption (r = 0.736 and 0.768, respectively). Vigor and depression displayed a moderately strong correlation to sleep (r = 0.564 and -0.530). CONCLUSIONS:: Injury patterns were similar to those reported in other adventure/ultradistance events. Consistent with previous work, data show increased fatigue and reduced vigor in response to an arduous physical challenge.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182694734",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182694734"
}