@article{ref1,
title="Ocular and facial injuries associated with the use of immersion heaters in an inmate population",
journal="American journal of ophthalmology",
year="2006",
author="Younger, Jared R. and Fedyk, Adam R. and McHenry, John G. and Blomquist, Preston H.",
volume="141",
number="6",
pages="1147-1148",
abstract="PURPOSE: To report ocular and facial injuries caused by the use of electric immersion heaters in an inmate population. DESIGN: Prospective observational case series. METHODS: Data were recorded over a six-month period on age, gender, mechanism of injury, examination, and treatment of Dallas County inmates who experienced ophthalmic injuries from immersion heaters and were referred to a tertiary-care center. RESULTS: Eight male inmates were treated for thermal ocular injuries, which occurred within jail cells as a result of cooking explosions from electric immersion heaters, known by inmates as &quot;stingers.&quot; All patients had thermal eyelid burns, either first- or second-degree facial burns, and corneal abrasions with corneal edema. Corneal metallic foreign bodies were removed in one patient, and three patients underwent debridement for corneal sloughing. CONCLUSIONS: Immersion heater-related accidents may cause thermal injuries within the inmate population. Physicians evaluating incarcerated patients with ocular trauma should be aware of immersion heaters as a common cause.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0002-9394",
doi="10.1016/j.ajo.2006.01.034",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2006.01.034"
}