@article{ref1,
title="A path tracking driver model with representation of driving skill",
journal="International journal of vehicle modelling and testing",
year="2011",
author="Erseus, Andreas and Drugge, Lars and Trigell, Annika Stensson",
volume="6",
number="2",
pages="145-186",
abstract="A flexible and intuitive non-linear driver model is proposed, which allows setting of physically relevant parameters for representation of both typical high and typical low skill drivers in a path tracking scenario with constant speed. The model is equipped with a relatively simple internal vehicle model and is divided into three levels of driving skill: perceptual, anticipatory and interpretational skill; decisional skill; and execution skill. Validation of the model is performed using the results from moving base driving simulator tests with the double lane change scenario described in ISO 3888-1:1999. The parameter sets used for the model configuration are selected based on physical relevance to the model and optimisation is carried out with a Nelder-Mead implementation, showing that the model is able to resemble the characteristics of the driver types in the scenario for 70 km/h, and with adjustments being able to represent drivers at other speeds.    Keywords: vehicle systems; modelling; driver models; driving skills; behaviour; characteristics; nonlinear modelling; cone track; double lane change; DLC; path tracking; moving base; driving simulator; testing; VTI; simulation.<p />",
language="",
issn="1745-6436",
doi="10.1504/IJVSMT.2011.042394",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVSMT.2011.042394"
}