@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence of blood alcohol in fatal traffic crashes in Shanghai",
journal="Forensic science international",
year="2013",
author="Rao, Yulan and Zhao, Ziqin and Zhang, Yurong and Ye, Yonghong and Zhang, Runsheng and Liang, Chen and Wang, Rong and Sun, Yingying and Jiang, Yan",
volume="224",
number="1-3",
pages="117-122",
abstract="The objective of this project was to investigate the incidence of alcohol consumption in fatal traffic deaths in Shanghai, one of the largest cities in China. A study was conducted on 803 individuals killed in road accidents during the period 2009-2011, in terms of alcohol-positive rate, mean blood alcohol content (BAC), gender, age, vehicle type, pedestrian alcohol problem, single-vehicle vs multiple-vehicle crashes, and time of day. It was found that 28.9% of the drivers involved had a BAC≥0.20mg/mL (limit of civil offense) and 21.8% had a BAC≥0.80mg/mL (limit of criminal offense). The mean BAC of alcohol-positive drivers (with a BAC≥0.20mg/mL) was 1.51mg/mL. The vast majority of the drivers involved were males. With regards to age, the largest group was of drivers aged between 40 and 49 years group in both alcohol-negative cases (26.8%) and alcohol-positive cases (26.2%). Motorcycles were most likely to be involved, representing 34.4% of alcohol-negative crashes and 51.6% of alcohol-positive crashes. Very high BACs were common among alcohol-positive pedestrians, yet all female pedestrians were alcohol-negative. Single-vehicle crashes were over-represented in alcohol-positive cases. Alcohol-negative crashes and alcohol-positive crashes most often happened during the time period of 17:00-18:59 and 19:00-20:59, respectively.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0379-0738",
doi="10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.011",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.011"
}