@article{ref1,
title="Searches and traffic stops: racial profiling and capriciousness",
journal="Journal of ethnicity in criminal justice",
year="2012",
author="Higgins, George E. and Vito, Gennaro F. and Grossi, Elizabeth L. and Vito, Anthony G.",
volume="10",
number="3",
pages="163-179",
abstract="The purpose of the present study is to examine traffic stop data--in particular data on searches--to better understand racial profiling. We use a measure of capriciousness to understand whether the decision to search occurs at random. Using data from more than 40,000 traffic stops from Louisville, Kentucky, the present study finds that race is one of many factors that are used in the determination of a search. For the overall, White, and Black samples, we find that the decision to search occurs at random, suggesting that racial profiling is not occurring in these data.<p />",
language="",
issn="1537-7938",
doi="10.1080/15377938.2012.700622",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2012.700622"
}