@article{ref1,
title="The upward spiral of adolescents' positive school experiences and happiness: Investigating reciprocal effects over time",
journal="Journal of school psychology",
year="2013",
author="Stiglbauer, Barbara and Gnambs, Timo and Gamsjäger, Manuela and Batinic, Bernad",
volume="51",
number="2",
pages="231-242",
abstract="In line with self-determination theory and Fredrickson's (2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study adopts a positive perspective on students' school experiences and their general psychological functioning. The reciprocal effects of positive school experiences and happiness, a dimension of affective well-being, are examined over the course of an academic year. Data were collected from 215 secondary school students at 5 measurement occasions. The results of longitudinal cross-lagged structural equation modeling support the notion of an upward spiral of positive school experiences and happiness over time. Positive school experiences had a stable lagged effect on happiness, and, in turn, happiness had a lagged effect on future positive school experiences.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-4405",
doi="10.1016/j.jsp.2012.12.002",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2012.12.002"
}