@article{ref1,
title="Rip currents",
journal="Annual review of fluid mechanics",
year="2011",
author="Dalrymple, Robert A. and MacMahan, Jamie H. and Reniers, Ad J. H. M. and Nelko, Varjola",
volume="43",
number="1",
pages="551-581",
abstract="Rip currents are fast-moving flows, traveling &quot;outward almost at right angles to the shore&quot; (Shepard 1936), creating a natural hazard for beachgoers, who suddenly find themselves in deep water. Field measurements and instrumentation, laboratory techniques, and numerical modeling have improved with time, enabling a more complete description of rip currents now. Surprisingly, there are many types of rip currents that can occur on beaches, and these currents are created by a wide variety of mechanisms that are presented here, along with numerical, physical, or field validation. We also show the potential for prediction schemes for use by lifeguards and beach managers.<p />",
language="",
issn="0066-4189",
doi="10.1146/annurev-fluid-122109-160733",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-122109-160733"
}