@article{ref1,
title="Multidimensional Traffic Locus of Control Scale (T-LOC): factor structure and relationship to risky driving",
journal="Personality and individual differences",
year="2005",
author="Özkan, Türker and Lajunen, Timo Juhani",
volume="38",
number="3",
pages="533-545",
abstract="The aim of the present study was to develop a multidimensional instrument for measuring driver locus of control and to investigate the relationship between driver locus of control, risky driving and negative outcomes. Participants were young male (N=216) and female (N=132) drivers who completed a form including the newly developed Multidimensional Traffic Locus of Control Scale (T-LOC), Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ), and items related to drivers' driving records and demographics. Factor analysis resulted in construction of four T-LOC scales: &quot;Other Drivers&quot; (i.e. causes of accidents attributed to other drivers), &quot;Self&quot; (i.e. causes of accidents attributed to oneself), &quot;Vehicle and Environment&quot; (i.e. causes of accidents attributed to external factors), and &quot;Fate&quot; (i.e. causes of accidents attributed to fate or bad luck). Multiple regression analyses showed that internal locus of control orientation (Self) predicted the self-reported number of total accidents, active accidents, offences, aggressive and ordinary violations, and errors. &quot;Vehicle and Environment&quot; scores had a positive relationship to the number of offences and DBQ error score whereas &quot;Other Drivers&quot; had a negative relationship to errors. However, &quot;Fate&quot; score was not related to any of the dependent variables.<p />",
language="",
issn="0191-8869",
doi="10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.007",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.007"
}