@article{ref1,
title="Differences in predictors of traditional and cyber-bullying: a 2-year longitudinal study in Korean school children",
journal="European child and adolescent psychiatry",
year="2013",
author="Yang, Su-Jin and Stewart, Robert and Kim, Jae-Min and Kim, Sung-Wan and Shin, Il-Seon and Dewey, Michael E. and Maskey, Sean and Yoon, Jin-Sang",
volume="22",
number="5",
pages="309-318",
abstract="Traditional bullying has received considerable research but the emerging phenomenon of cyber-bullying much less so. Our study aims to investigate environmental and psychological factors associated with traditional and cyber-bullying. In a school-based 2-year prospective survey, information was collected on 1,344 children aged 10 including bullying behavior/experience, depression, anxiety, coping strategies, self-esteem, and psychopathology. Parents reported demographic data, general health, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. These were investigated in relation to traditional and cyber-bullying perpetration and victimization at age 12. Male gender and depressive symptoms were associated with all types of bullying behavior and experience. Living with a single parent was associated with perpetration of traditional bullying while higher ADHD symptoms were associated with victimization from this. Lower academic achievement and lower self esteem were associated with cyber-bullying perpetration and victimization, and anxiety symptoms with cyber-bullying perpetration. After adjustment, previous bullying perpetration was associated with victimization from cyber-bullying but not other outcomes. Cyber-bullying has differences in predictors from traditional bullying and intervention programmes need to take these into consideration.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1018-8827",
doi="10.1007/s00787-012-0374-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-012-0374-6"
}