@article{ref1,
title="Social characteristics of psychological distress in a disadvantaged urban area of Kazakhstan",
journal="Community mental health journal",
year="2014",
author="Ignatyev, Yuriy and Assimov, Marat and Dochshanov, Dauren and Ströhle, Andreas and Heinz, Andreas and Mundt, Adrian P.",
volume="50",
number="1",
pages="120-125",
abstract="The present study aimed to systematically assess the association of socio-economic characteristics and psychological distress in a disadvantaged urban area of a post-Soviet Republic. Psychological distress was assessed in a random sample of 200 persons, aged 18-57, living in a disadvantaged urban area of Kazakhstan using the General Health Questionnaire with 28 items (GHQ-28). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the association of social characteristics and psychological distress. Female gender (P < 0.05), living without a partner (P < 0.01), higher age (P < 0.01), unemployment (P < 0.01), and low perceived income (P < 0.05) were associated with psychological distress in multivariate analyses. Non-Kazakh ethnicity (P < 0.05) was linked with psychological distress in bivariate analyses. The educational level was not significantly associated with psychological distress. Women, aged 38-57, living without partner and with low access to financial resources, were at a very high risk of psychological distress. Possibly due to social drift or status inconsistency, higher educational levels were not associated with lower levels of psychological distress in the disadvantaged area.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0010-3853",
doi="10.1007/s10597-013-9610-x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-013-9610-x"
}