@article{ref1,
title="Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale",
journal="Psychiatry and the Clinical Neurosciences",
year="2013",
author="Okajima, Isa and Nakajima, Shun and Kobayashi, Mina and Inoue, Yuichi",
volume="67",
number="6",
pages="420-425",
abstract="AIM: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS-J).   METHODS: The AIS-J was created using a back-translation design. A total of 477 outpatients with chronic insomnia and 163 individuals from the general community were recruited. Participants were asked to complete the AIS-J along with two other insomnia scales - Japanese versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Insomnia Severity Index.   RESULTS: The AIS-J consisted of a two-factor structure: 'nocturnal sleep problem' (items 1-5) and 'daytime dysfunction' (items 6-8). Internal consistencycoefficients ranged from 0.78 to 0.88. Correlations between the AIS-J and the aforementioned authorized scales were 0.81 and 0.85, respectively. Scores on the AIS-J were significantly higher for the insomnia group than for the control group. The AIS-J cut-off value for identifying pathological insomnia was estimated at 6 points or more, and the AIS-J-nocturnal cut-off value was estimated at 4 points or more.   CONCLUSIONS: The AIS-J has sufficient validity and diagnostic utility.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1323-1316",
doi="10.1111/pcn.12073",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12073"
}