@article{ref1,
title="Simulation of the collapse of timber frame houses and casualty occurrence process for seismic risk awareness",
journal="Sociotechnica",
year="2003",
author="Kiyono, Junji and Furukawa, Aiko",
volume="1",
number="",
pages="358-366",
abstract="The collapse of timber frame houses during an earthquake was analyzed by the 3-dimensional (3D) Distinct Element Method (DEM). The structure is modeled as an assembly of distinct elements which are connected by virtual springs and dashpots where element are in contact. A timber frame house with simple structural elements such as beams, columns, floors and a roof was modeled. Damage to human bodies also was considered. Human bodies were modeled as circles and placed on the floor. The maximum impact acceleration experienced by a human body during an earthquake was calculated. Damage to humans in houses is discussed based on the Chest-G index and Head Injury Criteria (HIC) widely used in automobile engineering.<p /><p>Language: ja</p>",
language="ja",
issn="1349-0184",
doi="10.3392/sociotechnica.1.358",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3392/sociotechnica.1.358"
}