@article{ref1,
title="Modelling risk at low-exposure railway level crossings: Supporting an argument for low-cost level crossing warning devices with lower levels of safety integrity",
journal="Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of rail and rapid transit",
year="2013",
author="Wullems, Christian and Hughes, Peter and Nikandros, George",
volume="227",
number="5",
pages="560-569",
abstract="This paper describes a risk model for estimating the likelihood of collisions at low-exposure railway level crossings, demonstrating the effect that differences in safety integrity can have on the likelihood of a collision. The model facilitates the comparison of safety benefits between level crossings with passive controls (stop or give-way signs) and level crossings that have been hypothetically upgraded with conventional or low-cost warning devices. The scenario presented illustrates how treatment of a cross-section of level crossings with low-cost devices can provide a greater safety benefit compared with treatment with conventional warning devices for the same budget.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0954-4097",
doi="10.1177/0954409713501814",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409713501814"
}