@article{ref1,
title="Quad bike related injury in Victoria, Australia",
journal="Medical journal of Australia",
year="2013",
author="Clapperton, Angela J. and Herde, Emily L. and Lower, Tony G.",
volume="199",
number="6",
pages="418-422",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To enumerate and describe fatal and hospital-treated injury associated with quad bike use in Victoria.   DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive analysis of coronial records and hospital-treated injury data (2002-03 to 2010-11).   MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of quad bike-related fatalities, hospital admissions, emergency department (ED) presentations, and results of a trend and severity analysis (International Classification of Disease-based Injury Severity Score; ICISS).   RESULTS: There were 19 fatalities, 766 hospital admissions and 816 ED presentations. The peak age group for fatalities and admissions was 15-29 years (26.3% and 27.9%, respectively), with children 0-14 years being the most common group presenting to EDs (32.2%). Males were strongly overrepresented (84.2% of fatalities, 73.8% of admissions and 71.2% of ED presentations). Intracranial injury (26.3%), fractures (15.8%) and traumatic asphyxiation (15.8%) were the most common injuries among fatal cases. Fractures accounted for half all admissions. Twenty-eight per cent of admissions were classified as &quot;serious&quot; (ICISS, ≤ 0.941) and, over the 9-year study period, the frequency of admissions increased significantly by an estimated 41.4% (95% CI, 9.6%-78.9%). This was significant for males (53.2%; 95% CI, 11.5%-104.4%) and people aged 15-29 years (163.1%; 95% CI, 75.2%-253.7%).   CONCLUSION: Quad bikes are imposing a significant injury burden in Victoria. Fatalities are frequent, while the number of admissions, often serious, increased over the study period. Children were involved across all levels of severity. A range of prevention approaches, such as mandatory fitting of crush protection devices to protect riders in the event of a roll over, are required.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0025-729X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}