@article{ref1,
title="Identifying Police Officers At-Risk: An Empirical Analysis of Individual Characteristics and Situational Factors Related to Violent Police-Citizen Encounters",
journal="Dissertation abstracts international",
year="1998",
author="Babcock, Thomas Patrick",
volume="59",
number="01",
pages="330A-330A",
abstract="AUTHOR'S ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between individual police officer characteristics, situational factors and the incidence of violent police-citizen encounters. Official police reports were examined for 117 patrol officers covering the period of 1990 to 1995. Moreover, 289 patrol officers completed a questionnaire examining police perceptions of such issues as police culture, officer respect and personal characteristics related to violent police-citizen encounters. The results of the study indicated that while younger officers had a significantly greater number of use-of-force incidents, years of experience was an even more powerful predictor, with more experienced officers having significantly fewer incidents. In addition, grouping officers by number of use-of-force incidents per officer showed that as the number of use-of-force incidents per officer increased, so did the level and severity of violence inflicted by the officer. The study showed that the use of Alcohol/Drugs did not have a statistically significant relationship to the number of violent encounters, and that the overwhelming majority of crimes involving use-of-force were non-violent in nature. Moreover, the analysis indicated that a significantly greater percentage of officers perceived that establishing an officer's authority, citizen's attitude, and lack of respect for police had a significant relationship to whether an encounter would involve use-of-force. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, 1998. Copyright © 1998 by Thomas Patrick Babcock; University Microfilms International)1990sViolence Risk FactorsPolice Community RelationsPolice Citizen ViolenceAdult PerceptionsPolice PerceptionsViolence CausesViolence PredictorsPolice OffenderPolice ViolenceOffender CharacteristicsAge FactorsAdult OffenderAdult ViolenceOffender CharacteristicsSituational Factors10-04<p />",
language="",
issn="",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}