@article{ref1,
title="In Search of Masculinity: Violence, Respect and Sexuality Among Puerto Rican Crack Dealers in East Harlem",
journal="British journal of criminology",
year="1996",
author="Bourgois, Philippe",
volume="36",
number="3",
pages="412-427",
abstract="Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted while residing next to a crack house in El Barrio, New York, for almost five years, this article analyses how the social and economic marginalization of second- and third-generation Puerto Rican immigrants in the inner city has polarized violence and sexuality against women and children both within the family and on the street. Traditional working-class patriarchy has been thrown into crisis by the restructuring of the global economy and the expansion of women's rights. Unable to replicate the rural-based models of masculinity and family structure of their grandfathers' generation, a growing cohort of marginalized men in the de-industrialized urban economy takes refuge in the drug economy and celebrates a misogynist, predatory street culture that normalizes gang rape, sexual conquest, and paternal abandonment. Marginalized men lash out against the women and children they can no longer support economically nor control patriarchally. (Abstract Adapted from Source: British Journal of Criminology, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press)New YorkEthnographic StudiesSociocultural FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsImmigrant OffenderHispanic OffenderHispanic ViolenceHispanic MaleHispanic AdultAdult MaleAdult OffenderAdult ViolenceSexual Assault OffenderMasculinityGender Role IdeologyDrug TraffickingUrban EnvironmentSexual Assault CausesViolence Causes05-00<p />",
language="en",
issn="0007-0955",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}