@article{ref1,
title="Crime, deterrence, and rational choice",
journal="American sociological review",
year="1986",
author="Piliavin, Irving and Gartner, Rosemary and Thornton, Craig and Matsueda, Ross L.",
volume="51",
number="1",
pages="101-119",
abstract="This study examines the deterrent effect of formal sanctions on criminal behavior. While most research on deterrence assumes a rational-choice model of criminal decision-making, few studies consider all of the major elements of the model. In particular, three critical limitations characterize the empirical literature on deterrence: the failure to establish a causal ordering of sanctions and crime consistent with their temporal ordering; the focus on conventional populations and nonserious criminal acts, which are of less interest to the question of how society controls its members; and the inattention to the return or reward component of the decision-making process. To address these issues, we specify, estimate, and test a rational-choice model of crime on data that were collected on individuals, gathered within a longitudinal design, and derived from three distinct populations of persons at high risk of formal sanction. The results support the reward component of the rational-choice model, but fail to support the cost or deterrent component, as measured by perceived risks of formal sanctions. (abstract Adapted from Source: American Sociological Review, 1986. Copyright © 1986 by the American Sociological Association)  Legal Sanctions Crime Prevention Deterrence Rational Choice Theory Adult Crime 07-02<p />",
language="en",
issn="0003-1224",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}