@article{ref1,
title="Effects of Two Prevention Programs on High-Risk Behaviors Among African American Youth: A Randomized Trial",
journal="Archives of pediatrics and adolescent medicine",
year="2004",
author="Flay, Brian R. and Graumlich, Sally and Segawa, Eisuke and Burns, James L. and Holliday, Michelle Y.",
volume="158",
number="4",
pages="377-384",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of 2 programs designed to reduce high-risk behaviors among inner-city African American youth.Design: Cluster randomized trial.Setting: Twelve metropolitan Chicago, Ill, schools and the communities they serve, 1994 through 1998.Participants: Students in grades 5 through 8 and their parents and teachers.Interventions: The social development curriculum (SDC) consisted of 16 to 21 lessons per year focusing on social competence skills necessary to manage situations in which high-risk behaviors occur. The school/community intervention (SCI) consisted of SDC and school-wide climate and parent and community components. The control group received an attention-placebo health enhancement curriculum (HEC) of equal intensity to the SDC focusing on nutrition, physical activity, and general health care.Main Outcome Measures: Student self-reports of violence, provocative behavior, school delinquency, substance use, and sexual behaviors (intercourse and condom use).RESULTS: For boys, the SDC and SCI significantly reduced the rate of increase in violent behavior (by 35% and 47% compared with HEC, respectively), provoking behavior (41% and 59%), school delinquency (31% and 66%), drug use (32% and 34%), and recent sexual intercourse (44% and 65%), and improved the rate of increase in condom use (95% and 165%). The SCI was significantly more effective than the SDC for a combined behavioral measure (79% improvement vs 51%). There were no significant effects for girls.CONCLUSIONS: Theoretically derived social-emotional programs that are culturally sensitive, developmentally appropriate, and offered in multiple grades can reduce multiple risk behaviors for inner-city African American boys in grades 5 through 8. The lack of effects for girls deserves further research. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 2004. Copyright © 2004 by the American Medical Association)For more information on the Aban Aya Youth Project, see VioPro record number 896.IllinoisGrade 5Grade 6Grade 7Grade 8Junior High School StudentViolence PreventionViolence InterventionIntervention ProgramPrevention ProgramAfrican American JuvenileAfrican American ChildAfrican American OffenderAfrican American ViolenceAfrican American MaleMale OffenderMale ViolenceJuvenile MaleJuvenile OffenderJuvenile ViolenceChild MaleChild OffenderChild ViolenceLate ChildhoodEarly AdolescenceProgram EffectivenessProgram EvaluationJuvenile DelinquencyChild DelinquencyMale DelinquencyMale Substance UseMale BehaviorMale Problem BehaviorBehavior PreventionBehavior InterventionDelinquency PreventionDelinquency InterventionSubstance Use InterventionSubstance Use PreventionDrug Use InterventionDrug Use PreventionBehavior Risk FactorsMultiple Risk BehaviorMultiple Risk FactorsJuvenile BehaviorJuvenile Problem BehaviorJuvenile Sexual BehaviorJuvenile Substance UseChild BehaviorChild Problem BehaviorChild Substance UseChild Sexual BehaviorAfrican American BehaviorAfrican American Substance Use01-06<p />",
language="en",
issn="1072-4710",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}