@article{ref1,
title="Use of illegal drugs among mothers across racial/ethnic groups in the United States: a multi-level analysis of individual and community level influences",
journal="Ethnicity and disease",
year="2001",
author="Delva, Jorge and Mathiesen, S. G. and Kamata, Akihito",
volume="11",
number="4",
pages="614-625",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To obtain adjusted one-year prevalence estimates and compare multi-level correlates of marijuana, cocaine, crack, or heroin use among 4,678 mothers of minor children in the United States across racial/ethnic populations. METHODS: The study used publicly available data from the 1997 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Hierarchical generalized linear modeling (HGLM) procedures were used to test drug use variation among non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic mothers across US neighborhoods. RESULTS: Black mothers were 40% less likely to use illegal drugs than were White mothers, and Hispanic mothers were 72% less likely than were White mothers to use drugs, after adjusting for demographic and community covariates. Drug use was found to vary across neighborhoods for all racial/ethnic groups. This study identified a positive association between the likelihood of mothers using illegal drugs and their living in neighborhoods with a higher occurrence of drug use. CONCLUSION: To compare drug use across racial/ethnic groups, it is necessary to account for the confounding effects of covariates. Additional research is needed to determine whether non-drug using mothers chose to live in neighborhoods with a lower concentration of drug use, whether residence in these neighborhoods decreases the likelihood of mothers using drugs, or if a reciprocal relationship exists. The mechanisms that link individual drug use and neighborhood characteristics merit further investigation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1049-510X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}