@article{ref1,
title="Rapid decision-making under risk",
journal="Cognitive neuroscience",
year="2012",
author="Husain, Masud and Bays, Paul M. and Adam, Robert",
volume="3",
number="1",
pages="52-61",
abstract="Impulsivity is often characterized by rapid decisions under risk, but most current tests of decision-making do not impose time pressures on participants' choices. Here we introduce a new traffic lights test which requires people to choose whether to program a risky, early eye movement before a traffic light turns green (earning them high rewards or a penalty) or wait for the green light before responding to obtain a small reward instead. Young participants demonstrated bimodal responses: an early, high-risk and a later, low-risk set of choices. By contrast, elderly people invariably waited for the green light and showed little risk-taking. Performance could be modeled as a race between two rise-to-threshold decision processes, one triggered by the green light and the other initiated before it. The test provides a useful measure of rapid decision-making under risk, with the potential to reveal how this process alters with aging or in patient groups.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1758-8928",
doi="10.1080/17588928.2011.613988",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2011.613988"
}