@article{ref1,
title="An alternative to the balance error scoring system: Using a low-cost balance board to improve the validity/reliability of sports-related concussion balance testing",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2014",
author="Chang, Jasper O. and Levy, Susan S. and Seay, Seth W. and Goble, Daniel J.",
volume="24",
number="3",
pages="256-262",
abstract="OBJECTIVE:: Recent guidelines advocate sports medicine professionals to use balance tests to assess sensorimotor status in the management of concussions. The present study sought to determine whether a low-cost balance board could provide a valid, reliable, and objective means of performing this balance testing. DESIGN:: Criterion validity testing relative to a gold standard and 7 day test-retest reliability. SETTING:: University Biomechanics Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS:: Thirty healthy young adults. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS:: Balance ability was assessed on 2 days separated by 1 week using (1) a gold standard measure (ie, scientific grade force plate), (2) a low-cost Nintendo Wii Balance Board (WBB), and (3) the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: Validity of the WBB center of pressure path length and BESS scores were determined relative to the force plate data. Test-retest reliability was established based on intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS:: Composite scores for the WBB had excellent validity (r = 0.99) and test-retest reliability (R = 0.88). Both the validity (r = 0.10-0.52) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.61-0.78) were lower for the BESS. CONCLUSIONS:: These findings demonstrate that a low-cost balance board can provide improved balance testing accuracy/reliability compared with the BESS. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:: This approach provides a potentially more valid/reliable, yet affordable, means of assessing sports-related concussion compared with current methods. Language: en
",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0000000000000016",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000016"
}