@article{ref1,
title="Facing temptation in the bar: Counteracting the effects of self-control failure on young adults' ad lib alcohol intake",
journal="Addiction",
year="2014",
author="Otten, Roy and Cladder-Micus, Mira B. and Pouwels, Loes and Hennig, Maximilian and Schuurmans, Angela A. T. and Hermans, Roel C. J.",
volume="109",
number="5",
pages="746-753",
abstract="BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The self-control strength model suggests that exertion of self-control leads to poorer subsequent self-control performance. Failure of self-control has been suggested as an important underlying mechanism of excessive drinking. This study tested the effects of self-control failure on ad-lib drinking, and the potential moderating role of glucose and self-awareness on this relationship. DESIGN: The current research examined in two experiments whether the effects of self-control failure were different for males and females, and whether glucose (Experiment 1) and self-awareness (Experiment 2) would counteract the effects of self-control failure. A between-participants design with four conditions was employed in each experiment. SETTING: A semi-naturalistic drinking setting in the form of a laboratory bar. PARTICIPANTS: Undergraduate students recruited at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands (Experiment 1: N = 106; Experiment 2: N = 108). MEASUREMENTS: The total amount of alcohol consumed during an experimental break (observational data) and questionnaire data on drinking patterns. FINDINGS: Self-control failure led to increased levels of drinking in males (p < 0.05), whereas females drank less after being depleted (p < 0.01). Self-awareness, but not glucose, was found to counteract the effects of self-control failure among males (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Self-control failure leads to increased drinking of alcohol in males and decreased levels of drinking alcohol in females. However, increasing self-awareness appears to be a promising strategy in facing the temptation to drink when cognitive resources to inhibit intake are low.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0965-2140",
doi="10.1111/add.12446",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.12446"
}