@article{ref1,
title="Increased CSF/serum albumin ratio: a recurrent finding in violent offenders",
journal="Acta neurologica Scandinavica",
year="2005",
author="Anckarsäter, Henrik and Forsman, Anders and Blennow, Kaj",
volume="112",
number="1",
pages="48-50",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/ serum albumin ratios are increased in violent offenders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In a previous study of violent offenders, we found significantly higher CSF/serum album ratios (as a sign of increased blood-brain barrier permeability) in violent offenders than in healthy controls. For the present replication study, we recruited a new group of 28 violent offenders, aged 45 years or younger, and 20 new control subjects. RESULTS: The albumin ratio was again significantly higher in the offender group (mean 6.2) than in the control group (mean 4.6) (P = 0.012). Substance abuse or current medication did not appear to explain this finding. CONCLUSION: Increased CSF/serum albumin ratios are an unspecific sign of neurological dysfunction in subgroups of violent offenders.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-6314",
doi="10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00433.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00433.x"
}