@article{ref1,
title="Individual and area-level socioeconomic status and their association with depression amongst community-dwelling elderly in Singapore",
journal="Aging and mental health",
year="2014",
author="Wee, Liang En and Yong, Yan Zhen and Chng, Michelle Wan Xing and Chew, Shi Hao and Cheng, Lenard and Chua, Qi Han Aaron and Yek, Jacklyn Jia Lin and Lau, Linus Jian Fa and Anand, Pravin and Hoe, Joshua Tian Ming and Shen, Han Ming and Koh, Gerald Choon-Huat",
volume="18",
number="5",
pages="628-641",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) can be associated with depression. We aimed to assess prevalence of depression amongst community-dwelling elderly in a multiethnic, urban, low-SES, Asian neighborhood, comparing against a higher SES neighborhood.METHOD: The study population involved all residents aged ≥60 years in two Singaporean housing estates comprising owner-occupied public housing (higher SES) and public rental housing (low SES) in 2012. Having lifetime prevalence of depression was defined as having a score ≥5 on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 or a history of depression. Demographic/clinical details were collected via questionnaire. Those with depression were referred to local polyclinics. Multilevel multivariate logistic regression determined predictors of depression and depression screening.RESULTS: Participation was 61.5% (559/909). In the low-SES community, 26.2% (104/397) had depression, compared with 14.8% (24/162) in the higher SES community. After adjusting for other sociodemographic variables, staying in a low-SES community (public rental housing) was independently associated with depression [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-2.84]. Within the low-SES community, not being married (aOR = 2.27, CI = 1.35-3.70), falls (aOR = 2.72, CI = 1.59-4.67), visual impairment (aOR = 2.37, CI = 1.28-4.39), and poorer social network (aOR = 3.70, CI = 1.96-7.14) were associated with depression.CONCLUSION: Residing in a low-SES community was independently associated with depression after controlling for individual SES.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1360-7863",
doi="10.1080/13607863.2013.866632",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.866632"
}