@article{ref1,
title="Early physical victimization is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among Mississippi police and firefighter first responders to Hurricane Katrina",
journal="Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy",
year="2014",
author="Komarovskaya, Irina and Brown, Adam D. and Galatzer-Levy, Isaac R. and Madan, Anita and Henn-Haase, Clare and Teater, Julie and Clarke, Brandi H. and Marmar, Charles R. and Chemtob, Claude M.",
volume="6",
number="1",
pages="92-96",
abstract="The goal of the current study was to examine the relationship between early physical victimization and long-term mental health outcomes in a sample of first responder police and firefighter personnel involved in the relief efforts after Hurricane Katrina. Participants included 441 Biloxi and Gulfport Police and Firefighters. One fifth of participants reported having experienced physical victimization before age 18. After controlling for age, relationship status, and disaster exposure, early physical victimization was modestly associated with symptoms of PTSD, peritraumatic dissociation, depression, and sleep problems. The results suggest that early physical victimization might be a risk factor for mental health problems in police and fire personnel responding to mass disaster, pointing to the importance of developing interventions to mitigate risk related to a history of physical victimization in first-responders.<p />",
language="en",
issn="1942-9681",
doi="10.1037/a0031600",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0031600"
}