@article{ref1,
title="A study of fatality risk and head dynamic response of cyclist and pedestrian based on passenger car accident data analysis and simulations",
journal="Traffic injury prevention",
year="2015",
author="Nie, Jin and Li, Guibing and Yang, Jikuang",
volume="16",
number="1",
pages="76-83",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: The current study aims to compare the fatality risk of pedestrians and cyclists in urban traffic through an analysis of real-world accident data in China. METHODS: First, 438 cases, including 371 pedestrian cases and 67 cyclist cases, are selected as a sample from the accidents collected through an in-depth investigation of vehicle accidents in China. A statistical measurement of the fatality risk with respect to impact velocity was carried out using a logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, 21 pedestrian and 24 cyclist accidents were selected for reconstruction with the MADYMO program. A comparative analysis was conducted based on the results from accident analysis and simulations for the fatality risk and head dynamic response of pedestrians and cyclists. RESULTS: The results indicate that the vehicle impact velocity has a significant relationship with the fatality risk of both pedestrians and cyclists. The fatality risks at 50 km/h are more than twice as high as the risk at 40 km/h and about five times as high as that at 30 km/h for both pedestrians and cyclists. Moreover, cyclists suffered slightly lower fatality risk compared to pedestrians. The corresponding vehicle impact velocity is 65.4 km/h for pedestrian with a fatality risk of 50%, while for cyclists it is 67.6 km/h. In addition, the head impact conditions between pedestrians and cyclists are also different. CONCLUSIONS: These findings offer potential contributions for establishing a more reasonable speed limit for urban traffic in China and generating strategies for cyclists' and pedestrians' head protection.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1538-9588",
doi="10.1080/15389588.2014.881477",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2014.881477"
}