@article{ref1,
title="Evaluation of two immunoassay procedures for drug testing in hair samples",
journal="Forensic science international",
year="2012",
author="Musshoff, F. and Kirschbaum, K. M. and Graumann, K. and Herzfeld, C. and Sachs, H. and Madea, B.",
volume="215",
number="1-3",
pages="60-63",
abstract="A preliminary initial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (LUCIO-Direct ELISA kit) and a preliminary DRI enzyme immunoassay were evaluated for drug detection in head hair with respect to lowered cutoff values recommended in Germany for the control of abstinence in cases of re-granting of drivers' licences. Following drug classes were included: cannabinoids, opiates, cocaine like substances, amphetamine, methamphetamine (and methylenedioxyamphetamines), methadone, and benzodiazepines. 759 analyses were performed using LUCIO-Direct ELISA kits and 936 analyses using DRI enzyme immunoassay tests. Sample size for each drug group and immunoassay test reached from 74 to 178. The LUCIO-Direct ELISA kit revealed a sensitivity of 91% for amphetamine up to 98% for methadone (methamphetamine 92%, cocaine 94%, opiates 94%, benzodiazepines 96%) and values of specificity of 72% for methadone up to 89% for amphetamine and benzodiazepines. The test was not useful for a preliminary screening for tetrahydrocannabinol (sensitivity of 65%) in consideration of a suggested cutoff of 0.02 ng/mg. The DRI enzyme immunoassay test was only useful for morphine and cocaine testing at low recommended new cutoff values (0.1 ng/mg) revealing sensitivities of 94% and 99%, respectively.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0379-0738",
doi="10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.030",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.030"
}