@article{ref1,
title="Risk of post-traumatic stress disorder following traumatic events in a community sample",
journal="Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences",
year="2014",
author="White, J. and Pearce, J. and Morrison, S. and Dunstan, F. and Bisson, J. I. and Fone, David L.",
volume="24",
number="3",
pages="249-257",
abstract="AIMS. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is typically associated with high-risk population groups, but the risk of PTSD that is associated with trauma experienced in the community, and effect of changes in diagnostic criteria in DSM-5 on prevalence in the general population, is unknown. <br><br>METHODS. Cross-sectional analysis of population-based data from 4558 adults aged 25-83 years resident in Caerphilly county borough, Wales, UK. Exposure to different traumatic events was assessed using categorisation of free-text descriptions of trauma. PTSD caseness was determined using items assessing Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV (DSM-IV) and DSM-5 A criteria and the Traumatic Screening Questionnaire. <br><br>RESULTS. Of the 4558 participants, 1971 (47.0%) reported a traumatic event. The most common DSM-IV A1 qualifying trauma was life-threatening illnesses and injuries (13.6%). The highest risk of PTSD was associated with assaultive violence [34.1%]. The prevalence of PTSD using DSM-IV A criteria was 14.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.8, 15.9%). Using DSM-5 A criteria reduced the prevalence to 8.0 (95% CI = 6.9, 9.4%), primarily due to exclusion of DSM-IV A1 qualifying events, such as life-threatening illnesses. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS. Nearly one-half of a general community sample had experienced a traumatic event and of these around one in seven was a DSM-IV case of PTSD. Although the majority of research has concentrated on combat, rape and assaultive violence, life threatening illness is a more common cause of PTSD in the community. Removal of this traumatic event in DSM-5 could reduce the number of cases of PTSD by around 6.0%.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2045-7960",
doi="10.1017/S2045796014000110",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796014000110"
}