@article{ref1,
title="Alcohol-attributable mortality among American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States, 1999-2009",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="2014",
author="Landen, Michael and Roeber, Jim and Naimi, Tim and Nielsen, Larry and Sewell, Mack",
volume="104",
number="Suppl 3",
pages="S343-9",
abstract="OBJECTIVEs. We describe the relative burden of alcohol-attributable death among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) in the United States. <br><br>METHODS. National Death Index records were linked with Indian Health Service (IHS) registration records to identify AI/AN deaths misclassified as non-AI/AN. We calculated age-adjusted alcohol-attributable death rates from 1999 to 2009 for AI/AN and White persons by sex, age, geographic region, and leading causes; individuals of Hispanic origin were excluded. <br><br>RESULTS. AI/AN persons had a substantially higher rate of alcohol-attributable death than Whites from 2005 to 2009 in IHS Contract Health Service Delivery Area counties (rate ratio = 3.3). The Northern Plains had the highest rate of AI/AN deaths (123.8/100 000), and the East had the lowest (48.9/100 000). For acute causes, the largest relative risks for AI/AN persons compared with Whites were for hypothermia (14.2) and alcohol poisoning (7.6). For chronic causes, the largest relative risks were for alcoholic psychosis (5.0) and alcoholic liver disease (4.9). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS. Proven strategies that reduce alcohol consumption and make the environment safer for excessive drinkers should be further implemented in AI/AN communities. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 22, 2014: e1-e7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301648).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="10.2105/AJPH.2013.301648",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301648"
}