@article{ref1,
title="Maxillofacial injuries in infants and preschools: a 2.5-year study",
journal="Journal of cranialfacial surgery",
year="2014",
author="Yang, Rong-Tao and Li, Zhi and Li, Zu-Bing",
volume="25",
number="3",
pages="964-967",
abstract="PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries in infants and preschools. <br><br>PATIENTS AND METHODS: The data from 110 infants and preschools with maxillofacial injuries from October 2010 to March 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. <br><br>RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1.89:1. The peak age was 1 to 3 years (53.64%). Accident falls (76.36%) were the major cause. A total of 166 soft-tissue injuries were found in 103 patients, 102 dental traumas in 36 patients, and 53 maxillofacial fractures in 33 patients. The most common sites of soft-tissue injuries included the gingiva (17.47%), lower lip (13.86%), upper lip (13.25%), and chin (12.05%), and the majority were lacerations (77.71%). Dental traumas occurred mainly in incisors (81.37%) and the lower arch (60.78%). Of the 53 fractures, the most common sites were the condyle (45.28%), symphysis (22.64%), and mandibular body (16.98%); 28 (52.83%) were treated by operation and 25 (47.17%) by conservative treatment. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Maxillofacial injuries in infants and preschools exhibit specific epidemiological features. These are related to anatomic, physiologic, and psychologic development in infants and preschools.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1049-2275",
doi="10.1097/SCS.0000000000000760",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000000760"
}