@article{ref1,
title="The September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks and reports of posttraumatic growth among a multi-ethnic sample of adolescents",
journal="Traumatology",
year="2005",
author="Milam, Joel and Ritt-Olson, Anamara and Tan, Sylvia and Unger, Jennifer and Nezami, Ellie",
volume="11",
number="4",
pages="233-246",
abstract="Correlates of posttraumatic growth (PTG), the construing of benefits from a traumatic event, attributed to the September 11th terrorist attacks were examined among 513 middle school adolescents (mean age=13.5 years; 63% female; 44% Hispanic/Latino, 25% Asian, 16% White, 10% multiethnic/other, and 4% Persian; all residing in California). One-third of the participants, on average, reported experiencing positive changes post- 9/11 in the following areas: appreciation of life, life priorities, spirituality, relationships, and self-reliance. Hispanic and White, compared to Persian (largely Iranian), participants had significantly higher PTG scores. <br><br>DISCUSSION of the terrorist attacks, identification with a religion, and optimism were positively associated with PTG, while alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and anxiety were inversely associated with PTG. Ethnicity, discussion of the terrorist attacks, identification with a religion, optimism, anxiety, and alcohol use remained associated with PTG after adjusting for the other variables in a multiple regression analysis. <br><br>RESULTS suggest there are positive aspects of the psychological sequelae following the 9/11 attacks and these positive changes are associated with other salutary psychological and behavioral factors.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1534-7656",
doi="10.1177/153476560501100404",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153476560501100404"
}