@article{ref1,
title="The importance of toxicological urine and hair analysis when assessing motor vehicle driver aptitude",
journal="Blutalkohol",
year="1998",
author="Iwersen, S. and Schmoldt, A. and Lewrenz, H. and Puschel, K.",
volume="35",
number="1",
pages="1-9",
abstract="Assessment results of 115 drivers were evaluated with regard to questioning and findings. Their driving aptitude had been judged solely on the grounds of their toxicological results. In particular, the importance of the results of hair and urine analysis was assessed as well as the correlation between them. 58 % of all people tested, showed positive results whereby cannabis was clearly dominant. When assessing the correlation between urine and hair test results it was found that people with three positive cannabis urine test results sometimes showed negative hair test results. Whereas in cases of negative urine test results, the hair test results were always negative. Therefore urine tests should always be carried out when assessing a cannabis problem. In the opiates and cocaine group the correlation was very much different. In 40 % of the cases which showed 3 negative urine results, positive hair results could be found. However, if at least one urine sample out of several was tested positive, measurable concentrations could be detected in the hair as well. When assessing driving ability in relation with drug consumption repeated toxicological analysis with high safety standards are indispensable. This has already been expressed by the German 'Verkehrsgerichtstag' in 1993.   Keywords: Cannabis impaired driving; DUID; Ethanol impaired driving",
language="de",
issn="0006-5250",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}