@article{ref1,
title="Evaluation of shoulder overload during acrobatic flight: analysis of pilot's self-report and surface electromyography (SEMG)",
journal="Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation",
year="2014",
author="Novais-Shimano, Suraya Gomes and Shimano, Marcos Massao and Marcolino, Alexandre Marcio and de Cássia Registro Fonseca, Marisa",
volume="28",
number="1",
pages="159-166",
abstract="BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The physical injuries caused by +Gz include skeletal-muscle overloads. This study has aimed at demonstrating ergonomic conditions of the pilots from the Brazilian Air Force's Aerial Demonstration Squadron (BAFADS) during flight. <br><br>METHODS: All the 13 pilots from the BAFADS were evaluated through an interview. Surface electromyography (SEMG) was employed during the flight manoeuvre simulation (under normal and overload conditions). <br><br>RESULTS: The report analyses showed perception of discomfort in the right shoulder related to +Gz. The SEMG showed moderate levels of shoulder muscles activation for normal contractions (± 25%). During vigorous contraction, levels of recruitment were high: upper trapezius fibres (± 105%), middle trapezius fibres (± 90%) and posterior deltoid fibres (± 95%). The great demand from the deltoid muscles (posterior fibres) infers a very high level of recruitment from the rotator cuff muscle, which may explain the discomfort in the pilots' shoulder during the flight manoeuvre. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The mutual analysis of both methods not only does it demonstrate a correlation between symptoms and muscle recruitment, but also provides data to implement intervention measures for pilots' physical training in order to minimise the discomfort symptoms during flights.<p/> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1053-8127",
doi="10.3233/BMR-140504",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BMR-140504"
}