@article{ref1,
title="Long-term prognosis of patients with carbon monoxide poisoning: a nationwide cohort study",
journal="PLoS one",
year="2014",
author="Huang, Chien-Cheng and Chung, Min-Hsien and Weng, Shih-Feng and Chien, Chih-Chiang and Lin, Shio-Jean and Lin, Hung-Jung and Guo, How-Ran and Su, Shih-Bin and Hsu, Chien-Chin and Juan, Chi-Wen",
volume="9",
number="8",
pages="e105503-e105503",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) often produces severe complications and can be fatal. Because this topic has not been well delineated, we investigated long-term prognoses of patients with COP (COP[+]). <br><br>METHODS: In this retrospective nationwide cohort study, 441 COP[+] patients and 8820 COP[-] controls (120) from 1999 to 2010 were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. <br><br>RESULTS: Thirty-seven (8.39%) COP[+] patients and 142 (1.61%) controls died (P<0.0001) during follow-up. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) of death were 5.24 times higher in COP[+] patients than in controls (P<0.0001). The risk of death was particularly high in the first month after COP (IRR: 308.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.79-2337.56), 1 to 6 months after (IRR: 18.92; 95% CI: 7.69-46.56), and 6-12 months after (IRR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.02-21.90). After adjusting for age, gender, and selected comorbidities, the hazard ratio of death for COP[+] patients was still 4.097 times higher than for controls. Moreover, older age (≥30 years old), male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and low income were also independent mortality predictors. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: COP significantly increases the risk for long-term mortality. Early follow-up and secondary prevention of death are needed for patients with COP.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1932-6203",
doi="10.1371/journal.pone.0105503",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105503"
}