@article{ref1,
title="Depressive reactions to failure in a naturalistic setting: a test of the hopelessness and self-esteem theories of depression",
journal="Journal of abnormal psychology",
year="1993",
author="Metalsky, Gerald I. and Joiner, T. E. and Hardin, T. S. and Abramson, L. Y.",
volume="102",
number="1",
pages="101-109",
abstract="We tested the hopelessness and self-esteem theories of depression and an integration of the two by examining whether a stable, global attributional style (attributional diathesis) and low self-esteem interacted with the outcomes students received on a midterm examination to predict their subsequent depressive reactions over the course of 5 days. Students' immediate depressive reactions (on receipt of grades) were predicted solely by the examination outcome, whereas their enduring depressive reactions during the following 4 days were predicted by the Attributional Diathesis x Low Self-Esteem x Failure interaction. The results also indicated that the three-way interaction predicted enduring depressive reactions through the mediating role of hopelessness.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0021-843X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}