@article{ref1,
title="A case-control study of female-to-female nonintimate violence in an urban area",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="2003",
author="Anderson, E. and Brensinger, Colleen M. and Sammel, Mary D. and Schwarz, D. F. and McCollum, Kelly Farley and Wallace, Donald B. and Grisso, Jeane Ann and Hirschinger, Nancy B.",
volume="93",
number="7",
pages="1098-1103",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics surrounding female-to-female nonpartner violence and to identify independent factors associated with risk of female-to-female intentional injuries. METHODS: A case-control investigation was conducted among women who resided in an urban, low-income community and presented for emergency department care for injuries inflicted by female nonpartners. RESULTS: Women were typically victimized by women they knew (88%), in outdoor locations (60%), and in the presence of others (91%). Those found to be at risk for injury typically were young and socially active, used marijuana, and had experienced other kinds of violence. CONCLUSIONS: The present results showed that women injured by female nonpartners had limited resources, experienced disorder in their lives, and were the victims of violence within multiple relationships.",
language="",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}