@article{ref1,
title="Heat wave morbidity and mortality, Milwaukee, Wis, 1999 vs 1995: an improved response?",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="2002",
author="Rumm, P. D. and Torok, Thomas J. and Blair, K. and Hanrahan, L. P. and Foldy, Seth L. and Anderson, H. A. and Weisskopf, Marc G.",
volume="92",
number="5",
pages="830-833",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether differences in heat alone, as opposed to public health interventions or other factors, accounted for the reduction in heat-related deaths and paramedic emergency medical service (EMS) runs between 1995 and 1999 during 2 heat waves occurring in Milwaukee, Wis. METHODS: Two previously described prediction models were adapted to compare expected and observed heat-related morbidity and mortality in 1999 based on the city's 1995 experience. RESULTS: Both models showed that heat-related deaths and EMS runs in 1999 were at least 49% lower than levels predicted by the 1995 relation between heat and heat-related deaths or EMS runs. CONCLUSIONS: Reductions in heat-related morbidity and mortality in 1999 were not attributable to differences in heat levels alone. Changes in public health preparedness and response may also have contributed to these reductions.",
language="",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}