@article{ref1,
title="Effects of neck strength training on isometric neck strength in rugby union players",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2014",
author="Geary, Kevin and Green, Brian S. and Delahunt, Eamonn",
volume="24",
number="6",
pages="502-508",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of a neck strengthening program on the isometric neck strength profile of male rugby union players. <br><br>DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. SETTING: Professional rugby union club. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen professional and 10 semiprofessional rugby union players. INTERVENTIONS: The 15 professional players undertook a 5-week neck strengthening intervention, which was performed twice per week, whereas the 10 semiprofessional players acted as the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Isometric strength of the neck musculature was tested using a hand-held dynamometer, for flexion (F), extension (E), left-side flexion (LSF), and right-side flexion (RSF). Preintervention and postintervention evaluations were undertaken. <br><br>RESULTS: No significant between-group differences in isometric neck strength were noted preintervention. A significant main effect for time was observed (P < 0.05), whereby the intervention group increased isometric neck strength in all planes after the 5-week intervention (F preintervention = 334.45 ± 39.31 N vs F postintervention 396.05 ± 75.55 N; E preintervention = 606.19 ± 97.34 vs E postintervention = 733.88 ± 127.16 N; LSF preintervention = 555.56 ± 88.34 N vs LSF postintervention = 657.14 ± 122.99 N; RSF preintervention = 570.00 ± 106.53 N vs RSF postintervention = 668.00 ± 142.18 N). No significant improvement in neck strength was observed for control group participants. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that a 5-week neck strengthening program improves isometric neck strength in rugby union players, which may have implications for injury prevention, screening, and rehabilitation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The strengthening program described in the present study may facilitate rehabilitation specialists in the development of neck injury prevention, screening, and rehabilitation protocols.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0000000000000071",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000071"
}