@article{ref1,
title="Powered two-wheeler drivers' risk of hitting a pedestrian in towns",
journal="Journal of safety research",
year="2014",
author="Clabaux, Nicolas and Fournier, Jean-Yves and Michel, Jean-Emmanuel",
volume="51",
number="",
pages="1-5",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: The risk of collision between pedestrians and powered two-wheelers is poorly understood today. The objective of this research is to determine the risk for powered two-wheeler drivers of hitting and injuring a pedestrian per kilometer driven in towns and to compare this risk with that run by four-wheeled vehicle drivers. <br><br>METHOD: Using the bodily injury accidents recorded by the police on nine roads in the city of Marseille in 2011 and a campaign of observations of powered two-wheeler traffic, we estimated the risk per kilometer driven by powered two-wheeler drivers of hitting a pedestrian and compared it with the risk run by four-wheeled vehicle drivers. <br><br>RESULTS: The results show that the risk for powered two-wheeler drivers of hitting and injuring a pedestrian is significantly higher than the risk run by four-wheeled vehicle drivers. On the nine roads studied, it is on average 3.33 times higher (95% CI: 1.63; 6.78). Taking four more years into account made it possible to consolidate these results and to tighten the confidence interval. <br><br>CONCLUSION: There does indeed seem to be problems in the interactions between pedestrians and powered two-wheeler users in urban traffic. These interaction problems lead to a higher risk of hitting and injuring a pedestrian for powered two-wheeler drivers than for four-wheeled vehicle drivers. The analysis of the police reports suggests that part of this increased risk comes from filtering maneuvers by powered two-wheelers. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Possible countermeasures deal with the urban street layout. Measures consisting in reducing the width and the number of traffic lanes to a strict minimum and installing medians or pedestrian islands could be an effective way for the prevention of urban accidents between pedestrians and powered two-wheelers.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-4375",
doi="10.1016/j.jsr.2014.07.002",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2014.07.002"
}