@article{ref1,
title="On the factor structure of the Rosenberg (1965) General Self-Esteem Scale",
journal="Psychological assessment",
year="2015",
author="Alessandri, Guido and Vecchione, Michele and Eisenberg, Nancy and Łaguna, Mariola",
volume="27",
number="2",
pages="621-635",
abstract="Since its introduction, the Rosenberg General Self-Esteem Scale (RGSE, Rosenberg, 1965) has been 1 of the most widely used measures of global self-esteem. We conducted 4 studies to investigate (a) the goodness-of-fit of a bifactor model positing a general self-esteem (GSE) factor and 2 specific factors grouping positive (MFP) and negative items (MFN) and (b) different kinds of validity of the GSE, MFN, and MFP factors of the RSGE. In the first study (n = 11,028), the fit of the bifactor model was compared with those of 9 alternative models proposed in literature for the RGSE. In Study 2 (n = 357), the external validities of GSE, MFP, and MFN were evaluated using objective grade point average data and multimethod measures of prosociality, aggression, and depression. In Study 3 (n = 565), the across-rater robustness of the bifactor model was evaluated. In Study 4, measurement invariance of the RGSE was further supported across samples in 3 European countries, Serbia (n = 1,010), Poland (n = 699), and Italy (n = 707), and in the United States (n = 1,192). All in all, psychometric findings corroborate the value and the robustness of the bifactor structure and its substantive interpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1040-3590",
doi="10.1037/pas0000073",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000073"
}