@article{ref1,
title="Trajectory of post-traumatic stress following traumatic injury: 6-year follow-up",
journal="British journal of psychiatry",
year="2015",
author="Bryant, Richard A. and Nickerson, Angela and Creamer, Mark and O'Donnell, Meaghan and Forbes, David and Galatzer-Levy, Isaac and McFarlane, Alexander C. and Silove, Derrick",
volume="206",
number="5",
pages="417-423",
abstract="BACKGROUND Traumatic injuries affect millions of patients each year, and resulting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly contributes to subsequent impairment. Aims To map the distinctive long-term trajectories of PTSD responses over 6 years by using latent growth mixture modelling. <br><br>METHOD Randomly selected injury patients (n = 1084) admitted to four hospitals around Australia were assessed in hospital, and at 3, 12, 24 and 72 months. Lifetime psychiatric history and current PTSD severity and functioning were assessed. <br><br>RESULTS Five trajectories of PTSD response were noted across the 6 years: (a) chronic (4%), (b) recovery (6%), (c) worsening/recovery (8%), (d) worsening (10%) and (e) resilient (73%). A poorer trajectory was predicted by female gender, recent life stressors, presence of mild traumatic brain injury and admission to intensive care unit. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the long-term PTSD effects that can occur following traumatic injury. The different trajectories highlight that monitoring a subset of patients over time is probably a more accurate means of identifying PTSD rather than relying on factors that can be assessed during hospital admission.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0007-1250",
doi="10.1192/bjp.bp.114.145516",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.145516"
}