@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence and determinants of resistance to use drugs among adolescents who had an opportunity to use drugs",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2015",
author="Lopez-Quintero, Catalina and Neumark, Yehuda",
volume="149",
number="",
pages="55-62",
abstract="BACKGROUND: As drugs remain ubiquitous and their use increasingly viewed as socially normative, vulnerable population groups such as adolescents face continued and growing risk. A better understanding of the factors that discourage individuals from initiating drug use, particularly in enabling scenarios, is therefore needed. This study aims to identify individual, interpersonal and school-contextual factors associated with resistance to using drugs in the presence of a drug use opportunity among adolescents in Bogotá, Colombia. <br><br>METHODS: Data are analyzed from 724 school-attending adolescents (15.1 years, SD=1.3) who have had an opportunity to use drugs. Schools were selected in a multistage probability cluster sample. Random intercept multilevel logistic regression models were implemented to estimate the effect of individual, interpersonal and school-contextual level variables on the likelihood of resisting using drugs. <br><br>RESULTS: Drug use resistance was observed in less than half (41.4%) of those students who experienced an opportunity to use drugs. Drug use resistance was strongly associated with having experienced a passive drug use opportunity (AOR=3.1, 95% CI=2.0, 4.9), the number of drugs offered (AOR=0.7, 95% CI=0.6, 0.8) and family factors such as not having a drug-using first-degree relative (AOR=2.3, 95% CI=1.2, 4.3) and a high degree of parental supervision (AOR=1.9, 95% CI=1.0, 3.2). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of students who experienced a drug-use opportunity did not initiate drug use despite living in a context of high drug availability and social disorganization. The findings highlight the need for effective family-based drug use prevention interventions within the Colombian context.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.015",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.015"
}