@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence and predictors of externalizing behavior in young adult survivors of pediatric traumatic brain injury",
journal="Journal of head trauma rehabilitation",
year="2015",
author="Ryan, Nicholas Peter and Hughes, Nathan and Godfrey, Celia and Rosema, Stefanie and Catroppa, Cathy and Anderson, Vicki A.",
volume="30",
number="2",
pages="75-85",
abstract="OBJECTIVES:: To investigate rates of clinically significant externalizing behavior (EB) in young adult survivors of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and evaluate the contribution of pre- and postinjury risk and resilience factors to EB outcomes 16 years after injury. SETTING:: Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS:: Fifty-five young adults (mean age = 23.85 years; injury age: 1.0-12 years) admitted to an emergency department following TBI between 1993 and 1997. <br><br>DESIGN:: Longitudinal prospective study with data collected at the acute, 10-year, and 16-year postinjury time points. MAIN MEASURES:: Severity of TBI, adaptive functioning, family functioning, full-scale IQ, executive functioning, social communication, and symptoms of EB. <br><br>RESULTS:: One of every 4 young people with a history of pediatric TBI demonstrated clinical or subthreshold levels of EB in young adulthood. More frequent EB was associated with poorer preinjury adaptive functioning, lower full-scale IQ, and more frequent pragmatic communication difficulty. <br><br>CONCLUSION:: Pediatric TBI is associated with an elevated risk for externalizing disorders in the transition to adulthood. <br><br>RESULTS underscore the need for screening and assessment of TBI among young offenders and suggest that early and long-term targeted interventions may be required to address risk factors for EB in children and young people with TBI.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-9701",
doi="10.1097/HTR.0000000000000123",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000123"
}