@article{ref1,
title="Violence against women in selected areas of the United States",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="2015",
author="Montgomery, Brooke E. E. and Rompalo, Anne and Hughes, James and Wang, Jing and Haley, Danielle and Soto-Torres, Lydia and Chege, Wairimu and Justman, Jessica and Kuo, Irene and Golin, Carol and Frew, Paula and Mannheimer, Sharon and Hodder, Sally",
volume="105",
number="10",
pages="2156-2166",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: We determined the prevalence of recent emotional, physical, and sexual violence against women and their associations with HIV-related risk factors in women living in the United States. <br><br>METHODS: We performed an assessment of women ages 18 to 44 years with a history of unprotected sex and 1 or more personal or partner HIV risk factors in the past 6 months from 2009 to 2010. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association of experiencing violence. <br><br>RESULTS: Among 2099 women, the prevalence of emotional abuse, physical violence, and sexual violence in the previous 6 months was 31%, 19%, and 7%, respectively. Nonmarried status, food insecurity, childhood abuse, depression symptomology, and posttraumatic stress disorder were significantly associated with multiple types of violence. All types of violence were associated with at least 3 different partner or personal HIV risk behaviors, including unprotected anal sex, previous sexually transmitted infection diagnosis, sex work, or partner substance abuse. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that personal and partner HIV risk behaviors, mental illness, and specific forms of violence frequently co-occurred in the lives of impoverished women. We shed light on factors purported to contribute to a syndemic in this population. HIV prevention programs in similar populations should address these co-occurring issues in a comprehensive manner. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print March 19, 2015: e1-e11. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302430).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="10.2105/AJPH.2014.302430",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302430"
}