@article{ref1,
title="The association between sleep disturbances and alcohol relapse: a 12-month observational cohort study",
journal="American journal on addictions",
year="2015",
author="Kolla, Bhanu Prakash and Schneekloth, Terry and Mansukhani, Meghna P. and Biernacka, Joanna M. and Hall-Flavin, Daniel and Karpyak, Victor and Geske, Jennifer and Frye, Mark A.",
volume="24",
number="4",
pages="362-367",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances are extremely common in alcohol recovery. Systematic research into the relationship between alcohol relapse and sleep disturbances using validated scales and accounting for potential confounders is lacking. <br><br>METHODS: Patients admitted to a 1-month residential addiction treatment program were administered the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at admission/discharge. In addition, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Pennsylvania Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) were administered. Patients were contacted every 3 months over 1 year following discharge. Associations of clinical factors with time until relapse were examined using univariate Cox proportional hazard models. <br><br>RESULTS: One-hundred and nineteen patients with alcohol use disorders met inclusion criteria (mean age 50.6 ± 13.2 years, 57% male), relapse data were available for 81 patients. Eighty percent of subjects had other psychiatric diagnoses, 66.3% had sleep disturbances at the time of admission, and 57.1% were using hypnotics; 49.1% of patients had sleep disturbances at discharge. Sleep disturbances at admission and discharge were not associated with alcohol relapse at 12 months (OR = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.89-1.13; p = 0.95 and OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.86-1.09; p = 0.61). The PSQI sub-scale scores were also not associated with relapse at 12 months. The use of alcohol to help fall asleep (OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.33-7.95; p = 0.008), hypnotic use at admission(OR = 4.03, 95%CI = 1.63-9.97; p = 0.002) and age (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.00-1.06; p = 0.035) were associated with relapse over 12 months. <br><br>CONCLUSION: In patients completing a residential treatment program, sleep disturbances as measured by the PSQI were not associated with alcohol relapse at 12 months. Alcohol use as a hypnotic and hypnotic use at admission were associated with subsequent relapse.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1055-0496",
doi="10.1111/ajad.12199",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12199"
}